Photography & Video
ND Filter Exposure
Calculate the new shutter speed when adding ND filter stops.
Neutral density filters reduce light entering the lens, allowing longer shutter speeds for motion blur or larger apertures in bright light. Each filter stop doubles the required shutter speed.
New Shutter Speed
4.1s
- factor
- 1024× longer exposure
- motion Blur
- Strong motion blur expected
- nd Number
- ND1024
Formula and method
New Shutter = (1/Base) × 2^Stops
Each stop doubles the exposure time. An ND1000 (10 stops) at 1/250s base becomes 4 seconds.
Worked examples
Daytime long exposure (ND1000)
- Base Shutter Speed (1/x):
- 500
- ND Filter Stops:
- 10
New Shutter Speed: 2.0s
Shallow depth of field in bright light (ND64)
- Base Shutter Speed (1/x):
- 1000
- ND Filter Stops:
- 6
New Shutter Speed: 1/16s
Assumptions and limits
- Same ISO and aperture throughout
This tool provides an educational estimate. Rules, rates and personal circumstances can change the answer. Review the assumptions before relying on a result. Report a correction.
Common mistakes to avoid
- Forgetting to adjust ISO and aperture exposure triangle when adding ND filters.
- Using Variable ND near minimum or maximum — vignetting and "X-cross" pattern appear at extremes.
Frequently asked questions
What ND filter for waterfall photography?
For a silky waterfall effect, aim for 0.5-2 second exposures. Start with ND64 (6 stops) or ND1000 (10 stops) depending on light conditions. A tripod is essential for any exposure over 1/30s.